Publications

This work uses the co-precipitation method for the synthesis of Zn1-xRuxO nanoparticles, with (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.04). Structurally, Rietveld refinement of X-ray powder diffraction data revealed the hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure, for all samples, with minor traces of RuO2 for x > 0.01. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the formation of ZnO wurtzite structure with a broad peak at 441 cm−1 and a shoulder at 565 cm−1. Optical band gap (Eg) was investigated through UV–visible spectroscopic analysis. Eg showed an enhancement with the increase of Ru content verifying the decrease in the crystalline size from XRD results. Magnetic properties were investigated by the vibrating sample magnetometer. Ferromagnetism in ZnO was justified by the formation of bound magnetic polarons (BMPs). It shows an enhancement with Ru doping, verified by the increase of both Mr and Ms, attributed to the stabilization of Zn vacancy as well as magnetic defects.