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List of Publications by Department for the Academic Year Correlation between Lower Face Soft and Hard Tissue Analysis in Different Skeletal Malocclusions

Abstract

The craniofacial region is one of the most complex regions of the human skeleton and is thus challenging to analyse. Facial soft tissues are considered a dynamic structure that can develop along with or independent of their skeletal substructure. A common perception was that the integument profile followed passively the underlying hard tissue, although the soft tissue may have independent growth potential. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between soft and hard tissue analyses of the lower face in different sagittal skeletal malocclusions and according to gender. This correlation was measured at five different points of the lower hard and soft tissue profiles. Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalometric x-rays of 120 individuals were collected from the Orthodontic clinic at the Faculty of Dentistry, Beirut Arab University and divided into 4 equal groups based on ANB as a parameter of intermaxillary skeletal relationships: CI (0≤ ANB ≤4), CII div 1 (ANB > 4 with normal or proclined upper incisors), CII div 2 (ANB > 4 with retroclined upper incisors) and CIII (ANB < 0). Each group was subdivided, according to gender, into 2 subgroups: Groups 1M and 1F, groups 2M and 2F, groups 3M and 3F, and groups 4M and 4F. Results: A statistical significant correlation between the soft and hard tissue parameters were found except at point A and A’ in the overall sample, class I and class II div 1 malocclusions. However, no significant correlation was found between the soft and hard tissue parameters except at Pog and Pog’ in class II div 2 malocclusion and at ULA and Ui, LLA and Li, B’ and B in class III malocclusion. Moreover, no significant difference in the correlation between soft and hard tissue parameters was observed between males and females. Conclusion: In the overall sample, class I and class II div 1 malocclusions there were significant correlations in all the points except at A and A’. However, no significant correlation was found in all the points except at Pog and Pog’ in class II div 2 malocclusion and at ULA and Ui, LLA and Li, B’ and B in class III malocclusion. Moreover, no significant difference in the correlation between soft and hard tissue parameters was observed between males and females. Keywords: Hard tissue analysis, Soft tissue analysis, Lower facial profile, Sagittal skeletal malocclusions.

Author(s)

Ziad Salim Abdul Majid

Coauthor(s)

Prof. Essam Osman and Prof. Joseph Bouserhal